Population CO2 emissions Countries Energy Flags Food & Agriculture GDP by country Water

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

Total GHG Emissions (2024)
53.206.401.266
tons CO₂eq
Year-over-Year
+1,27%
increase
Per Capita
6,56
tons per person
CO₂
39.632.664.219
74,49% of GHG
▲ 1,33%
CH₄
9.536.493.881
17,92% of GHG
▲ 0,69%
N₂O
2.527.410.957
4,75% of GHG
▲ 0,87%
F-gases
1.509.832.210
2,84% of GHG
▲ 4,06%

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Gas

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Country

See full table
# Country GHG emissions (tons, 2024) 1 Year Change Per Capita Share of World
1
15.536.121.683 0,81% 10,81 29,20%
2
5.912.617.724 0,37% 17,34 11,11%
3
4.371.169.327 3,92% 3,04 8,22%
4
2.575.654.764 2,5% 18,02 4,84%
5
1.323.777.911 4,95% 4,69 2,49%
6
1.299.180.208 0,15% 5,93 2,44%
7
1.063.335.849 −2,81% 8,52 2,00%
8
1.054.765.071 2,39% 12,24 1,98%
9
838.876.551 2,53% 22,79 1,58%
10
768.058.921 1,7% 19,76 1,44%
11
686.779.369 0,16% 4,91 1,29%
12
674.358.326 −1,65% 8,17 1,27%
13
668.245.271 −0,28% 12,83 1,26%
14
591.453.961 0,67% 22,26 1,11%
15
584.257.623 7,61% 5,73 1,10%
16
579.506.816 2,74% 6,76 1,09%
17
569.809.610 2,59% 9,31 1,07%
18
525.882.471 0,7% 2,36 0,99%
19
422.387.287 2,86% 6,06 0,79%
20
413.276.421 2% 8,98 0,78%
21
386.695.717 −3,47% 5,63 0,73%
22
386.598.228 4,56% 3,52 0,73%
23
France
Monaco
378.120.190 −3,23% 5,68 0,71%
24
374.344.607 −0,88% 7,95 0,70%
25
Italy
San Marino
Holy See
371.171.711 −1,94% 6,32 0,70%
26
350.555.354 3,78% 1,54 0,66%
27
348.195.041 −1,73% 9,28 0,65%
28
332.166.828 4,33% 9,62 0,62%
29
330.393.346 1,08% 16,98 0,62%
30
309.611.654 −0,27% 12,9 0,58%
31
Spain
Andorra
285.638.322 −0,43% 6,16 0,54%
32
266.597.284 4,74% 2,3 0,50%
33
264.148.374 3,87% 25,62 0,50%
34
252.699.997 −2,41% 5,52 0,47%
35
227.488.366 7,63% 6,54 0,43%
36
220.826.721 2,31% 1,25 0,42%
37
217.585.730 0,98% 4,22 0,41%
38
196.964.006 −2,31% 4,61 0,37%
39
192.704.007 2,26% 1,56 0,36%
40
173.330.697 3,24% 38,14 0,33%
41
167.318.430 1,21% 4,82 0,31%
42
162.744.689 4,24% 54,54 0,31%
43
145.006.675 −3% 8,35 0,27%
44
Sudan
South Sudan
138.701.952 0,25% 2,18 0,26%
45
132.264.662 1,55% 24,02 0,25%
46
118.120.879 1,1% 6,22 0,22%
47
117.787.536 −0,38% 2,08 0,22%
48
114.812.183 −10,53% 18,06 0,22%
49
108.736.424 0,35% 2,81 0,20%
50
107.824.020 0,56% 9,15 0,20%
51
104.354.966 11,35% 30,99 0,20%
52
103.813.025 4,59% 2,99 0,20%
53
102.836.152 2,25% 1,75 0,19%
54
102.525.007 3,06% 1,45 0,19%
55
101.857.590 0,56% 5,36 0,19%
56
101.173.797 4,44% 5,54 0,19%
57
100.379.206 −7,77% 9,45 0,19%
58
98.170.876 0,22% 14,1 0,18%
59
91.251.815 0,69% 3,48 0,17%
60
87.491.361 0,64% 9,37 0,16%
61
77.837.353 −0,47% 15,59 0,15%
62
Israel
State of Palestine
76.620.733 −3,08% 5,07 0,14%
63
76.092.758 5,11% 12,44 0,14%
64
74.408.551 1,65% 4,08 0,14%
65
71.500.075 1,28% 6,51 0,13%
66
70.999.904 −0,83% 8,01 0,13%
67
69.922.939 2,41% 1,88 0,13%
68
64.422.177 −0,74% 35,13 0,12%
69
63.757.198 11,44% 5,23 0,12%
70
60.452.897 −0,82% 6,38 0,11%
71
59.677.828 −1,13% 11,86 0,11%
72
58.491.691 2,26% 0,58 0,11%
73
58.279.785 −4,45% 5,61 0,11%
74
57.298.152 1,23% 1,07 0,11%
75
53.759.636 −3,08% 9,5 0,10%
76
53.169.594 −3,29% 5,27 0,100%
77
52.565.802 2,27% 5,07 0,099%
78
51.580.798 3,57% 4,47 0,097%
79
49.834.755 1,74% 2,83 0,094%
80
48.678.996 −2,4% 8,61 0,091%
81
48.093.949 2,72% 1,44 0,090%
82
48.008.510 3% 2,11 0,090%
83
47.165.576 1,36% 2,1 0,089%
84
46.676.574 −6,02% 6,92 0,088%
85
44.627.146 3,96% 12,61 0,084%
86
44.621.001 2,34% 3,62 0,084%
87
43.472.168 1,11% 2,26 0,082%
88
Switzerland
Liechtenstein
42.992.441 0,27% 4,83 0,081%
89
41.549.638 0,91% 5,51 0,078%
90
41.468.235 −1,54% 1,32 0,078%
91
41.442.035 1,19% 5,6 0,078%
92
41.146.147 2,68% 1,47 0,077%
93
40.621.856 0,65% 1,42 0,076%
94
40.307.052 1,45% 5,22 0,076%
95
39.000.776 −3,24% 7,16 0,073%
96
38.519.002 2,74% 1,84 0,072%
97
38.264.629 −1,75% 6,5 0,072%
98
38.026.697 3,53% 1,32 0,071%
99
37.166.535 5,63% 1,74 0,070%
100
35.985.717 2,52% 3,13 0,068%
101
35.789.967 0,24% 1,17 0,067%
102
34.917.746 0,94% 1,5 0,066%
103
34.855.735 1,32% 3,31 0,066%
104
34.416.873 0,5% 1,9 0,065%
105
33.625.590 −2,02% 0,93 0,063%
106
33.586.578 −0,26% 24,32 0,063%
107
33.034.840 1,85% 0,8 0,062%
108
32.902.757 1,66% 1 0,062%
109
31.720.612 2,08% 1,66 0,060%
110
30.784.272 2,19% 1,6 0,058%
111
29.375.914 2,66% 1,93 0,055%
112
27.626.664 −2,03% 7,97 0,052%
113
26.841.829 0,15% 6,67 0,050%
114
24.623.026 0,85% 3,91 0,046%
115
24.387.071 2,54% 2,37 0,046%
116
22.368.961 3% 3,39 0,042%
117
22.188.971 2,38% 2,18 0,042%
118
21.781.992 1,06% 9,36 0,041%
119
21.535.707 −0,18% 7,69 0,040%
120
19.602.825 −0,25% 5,1 0,037%
121
19.217.955 −1,41% 4,24 0,036%
122
19.158.621 1,04% 2,87 0,036%
123
19.023.565 3,65% 0,84 0,036%
124
18.786.315 2,32% 3,3 0,035%
125
17.767.053 2,38% 1,32 0,033%
126
17.616.494 4,79% 4,85 0,033%
127
17.508.621 1,9% 3,31 0,033%
128
17.336.899 3,96% 8,34 0,033%
129
17.076.872 2,09% 3,28 0,032%
130
14.751.635 2,58% 2,23 0,028%
131
14.212.132 2,32% 4,87 0,027%
132
14.129.202 −5,71% 11 0,027%
133
13.782.309 1,23% 1,16 0,026%
134
13.444.290 5,22% 2,5 0,025%
135
12.097.730 −4,04% 4,7 0,023%
136
11.865.488 −1,62% 25,57 0,022%
137
11.658.325 0,07% 2,94 0,022%
138
11.642.389 −0,48% 6,37 0,022%
139
10.844.265 2,84% 1,18 0,020%
140
10.780.575 0,51% 3,67 0,020%
141
10.761.088 0,93% 1,14 0,020%
142
9.812.096 −7,16% 4,7 0,018%
143
9.424.700 4,23% 3,22 0,018%
144
9.343.181 2,58% 7,53 0,018%
145
8.730.862 1,69% 10,83 0,016%
146
8.421.724 2,87% 0,63 0,016%
147
8.349.881 0,04% 0,59 0,016%
148
8.138.702 2,06% 5,12 0,015%
149
8.053.667 2,56% 12,7 0,015%
150
7.928.483 1,72% 0,91 0,015%
151
7.124.311 −1,89% 2,42 0,013%
152
6.579.258 0,65% 1,11 0,012%
153
6.471.596 2,35% 5,05 0,012%
154
5.381.612 2,61% 17,88 0,010%
155
4.459.909 1,07% 0,79 0,0084%
156
4.282.411 0,86% 12,13 0,0080%
157
3.666.575 2,23% 6,16 0,0069%
158
3.188.633 1,26% 1,45 0,0060%
159
3.054.965 −0,52% 1,25 0,0057%
160
3.034.389 1,84% 3,29 0,0057%
161
2.929.757 0,28% 1,91 0,0055%
162
2.806.318 0,49% 3,23 0,0053%
163
2.750.899 3,85% 2,91 0,0052%
164
2.492.665 3,67% 14,93 0,0047%
165
2.417.345 1,21% 2,29 0,0045%
166
2.243.619 0,83% 5,12 0,0042%
167
2.093.373 4,74% 4,33 0,0039%
168
1.940.120 3,36% 1,29 0,0036%
169
1.859.505 0,93% 0,72 0,0035%
170
1.843.873 3,06% 4,38 0,0035%
171
1.820.095 3,19% 2,63 0,0034%
172
1.533.811 4,91% 66,69 0,0029%
173
1.448.910 2,68% 3,24 0,0027%
174
1.201.808 3,1% 3,12 0,0023%
175
1.081.003 4,57% 3,65 0,0020%
176
1.034.684 3,35% 2,41 0,0019%
177
976.437 4,41% 9,96 0,0018%
178
949.389 1,33% 1 0,0018%
179
912.564 3,34% 1,53 0,0017%
180
912.054 2,61% 3,16 0,0017%
181
735.414 2,94% 1,12 0,0014%
182
659.255 1,43% 11,57 0,0012%
183
658.905 0,95% 18,83 0,0012%
184
632.053 1,51% 1,99 0,0012%
185
619.752 3,47% 0,89 0,0012%
186
588.716 3,37% 5,45 0,0011%
187
586.260 1,6% 1,76 0,0011%
188
521.648 2,69% 2,54 0,00098%
189
468.521 3,16% 2,56 0,00088%
190
426.851 2,84% 3,88 0,00080%
191
405.937 3,36% 6,06 0,00076%
192
305.677 3% 5,09 0,00057%
193
292.904 3,05% 2,55 0,00055%
194
245.465 1,38% 1,03 0,00046%
195
240.991 3,19% 2,17 0,00045%
196
237.848 3,39% 6,1 0,00045%
197
185.492 3,46% 3,2 0,00035%
198
185.236 2,51% 1,67 0,00035%
199
172.895 0,85% 57,63 0,00032%
200
152.357 2,06% 2 0,00029%
201
115.188 3,98% 0,89 0,00022%
202
112.081 4,26% 6,59 0,00021%
203
108.295 3,14% 3,19 0,00020%
204
96.617 0,16% 1,89 0,00018%
205
35.008 −0,29% 5 0,000066%
206
26.035 3,49% 1,63 0,000049%
207
21.008 1,14% 5,25 0,000039%

GHG Emissions per Capita

See full table

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector

  • Power Industry - Electricity production comes mostly from burning fossil fuels, mostly coal and natural gas. Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy.
  • Industrial Combustion - From manufacturing.
  • Waste - Solid waste disposed on land, solid waste composted and hazardous solid waste processing/storage, waste water handling, waste incineration.
  • Fuel Exploitation - Fuel extraction, transformation and refineries activities, including venting and flaring.
  • Industrial Processes - Non-metallic minerals, non-ferrous metals, solvents and other product use, chemicals, etc.
  • Transportation - From burning fossil fuel for cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes.
  • Agriculture - Agriculture livestock (enteric fermentation, manure management), agriculture soils (fertilisers, lime application, rice cultivation, direct soil emissions, indirect N2O emissions from agriculture), field burning of agricultural residues.
  • Buildings - Commercial and residential. Greenhouse gas emissions from businesses and homes arise primarily from fossil fuels burned for heat, the use of certain products that contain greenhouse gases, and the handling of waste.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Year

See full table
Year GHG emissions (tons, 2024) CO₂ CH₄ N₂O F-gases Change Per Capita
2024 53.206.401.266 39.632.664.219 9.536.493.881 2.527.410.957 1.509.832.210 1,27% 6,56
2023 52.540.765.869 39.112.688.790 9.471.520.948 2.505.587.181 1.450.968.949 1,53% 6,54
2022 51.748.121.504 38.548.118.943 9.335.038.209 2.471.902.794 1.393.061.558 1,09% 6,51
2021 51.187.953.401 38.219.996.767 9.180.393.144 2.454.321.062 1.333.242.428 4,55% 6,5
2020 48.962.126.893 36.209.861.637 9.055.831.990 2.423.634.114 1.272.799.152 −3,67% 6,28
2019 50.829.629.010 38.008.489.131 9.180.894.833 2.419.561.585 1.220.683.461 0,52% 6,59
2018 50.566.421.974 37.905.961.547 9.103.433.487 2.385.523.865 1.171.503.075 2,2% 6,63
2017 49.478.560.064 37.020.028.189 8.969.489.679 2.376.619.410 1.112.422.786 1,69% 6,56
2016 48.655.806.379 36.390.785.270 8.847.609.137 2.363.669.139 1.053.742.832 0,42% 6,52
2015 48.451.420.673 36.292.523.415 8.812.536.398 2.341.385.435 1.004.975.424 −0,2% 6,56
2014 48.549.137.332 36.396.952.687 8.788.340.688 2.323.791.337 1.040.052.621 0,74% 6,65
2013 48.193.437.524 36.177.328.521 8.719.776.939 2.323.963.355 972.368.709 1,61% 6,68
2012 47.430.072.885 35.489.676.343 8.716.949.478 2.294.921.246 928.525.818 1,33% 6,66
2011 46.808.098.605 35.036.740.902 8.617.186.970 2.278.653.008 875.517.725 3,03% 6,65
2010 45.433.102.838 33.969.474.314 8.413.665.797 2.220.816.194 829.146.533 5,2% 6,53
2009 43.188.416.931 31.966.599.802 8.258.484.370 2.186.548.831 776.783.928 −1,04% 6,28
2008 43.642.407.234 32.414.360.515 8.283.498.490 2.186.169.075 758.379.154 0,67% 6,43
2007 43.350.586.882 32.207.364.953 8.153.784.388 2.210.846.400 778.591.141 3,02% 6,47
2006 42.078.825.888 31.037.618.590 8.099.287.445 2.166.475.835 775.444.017 2,83% 6,35
2005 40.919.624.603 30.015.938.144 7.972.056.853 2.126.088.888 805.540.718 3,26% 6,26
2004 39.626.760.852 28.926.371.610 7.839.176.776 2.103.562.576 757.649.889 4,1% 6,13
2003 38.064.796.729 27.642.403.405 7.688.307.510 2.045.862.265 688.223.549 4,13% 5,97
2002 36.555.718.924 26.414.844.015 7.464.209.324 2.013.850.875 662.814.711 1,26% 5,8
2001 36.099.483.796 26.000.902.282 7.498.291.411 2.006.310.043 593.980.059 0,85% 5,8
2000 35.793.980.385 25.694.728.676 7.495.121.761 2.012.744.426 591.385.521 2,49% 5,83
1999 34.923.598.002 24.939.984.300 7.401.915.562 2.021.504.997 560.193.143 0,67% 5,76
1998 34.692.808.501 24.756.505.864 7.388.892.350 2.005.244.624 542.165.663 0,31% 5,79
1997 34.587.073.305 24.598.717.494 7.477.027.784 1.989.978.999 521.349.028 1,18% 5,85
1996 34.183.677.838 24.149.129.927 7.511.956.826 2.029.580.601 493.010.485 1,9% 5,86
1995 33.546.502.836 23.682.286.016 7.420.233.783 1.977.497.030 466.486.007 2,52% 5,83
1994 32.721.435.460 23.039.384.854 7.333.492.776 1.923.589.964 424.967.865 1,11% 5,77
1993 32.363.428.423 22.808.325.417 7.260.479.964 1.896.706.110 397.916.931 0,25% 5,79
1992 32.283.661.303 22.714.986.482 7.287.916.256 1.894.293.229 386.465.335 −0,12% 5,87
1991 32.322.913.657 22.794.864.895 7.270.165.422 1.877.354.479 380.528.862 0,23% 5,97
1990 32.249.866.916 22.660.079.364 7.340.904.024 1.881.006.558 367.876.970 1,03% 6,05
1989 31.920.673.698 22.343.102.961 7.349.126.455 1.903.396.016 325.048.266 1,81% 6,09
1988 31.352.639.359 21.958.155.737 7.183.612.290 1.894.385.670 316.485.662 3,15% 6,09
1987 30.395.987.733 21.199.385.093 7.031.752.268 1.868.602.735 296.247.638 2,57% 6,01
1986 29.635.808.788 20.540.482.751 6.966.522.757 1.837.223.893 291.579.386 1,71% 5,97
1985 29.138.665.369 20.181.526.621 6.851.168.428 1.815.746.618 290.223.701 1,09% 5,98
1984 28.823.531.704 19.921.949.856 6.776.858.460 1.840.000.988 284.722.400 2,84% 6,02
1983 28.027.897.097 19.302.601.175 6.657.804.176 1.809.296.991 258.194.755 0,91% 5,96
1982 27.775.597.674 19.156.959.542 6.620.993.738 1.755.509.611 242.134.782 −0,58% 6,01
1981 27.937.885.010 19.402.190.315 6.565.121.851 1.725.014.094 245.558.750 −1,76% 6,16
1980 28.439.689.463 19.772.848.598 6.684.223.197 1.735.932.978 246.684.690 −0,95% 6,38
1979 28.713.071.570 20.018.700.426 6.720.777.868 1.730.457.042 243.136.234 2,56% 6,56
1978 27.997.100.228 19.479.851.141 6.582.917.758 1.704.784.036 229.547.291 2,66% 6,51
1977 27.272.383.081 18.869.880.184 6.523.730.455 1.659.043.748 219.728.694 2,58% 6,45
1976 26.585.873.375 18.315.359.106 6.441.875.767 1.625.169.065 203.469.437 4,48% 6,4
1975 25.445.008.531 17.327.699.265 6.347.941.002 1.578.278.577 191.089.687 0,08% 6,24
1974 25.424.679.821 17.397.837.499 6.279.134.159 1.555.463.077 192.245.086 0% 6,35
1973 25.423.897.138 17.461.301.237 6.242.769.313 1.538.460.477 181.366.111 5,05% 6,47
1972 24.200.867.464 16.478.735.506 6.060.750.357 1.491.537.601 169.844.001 4,04% 6,28
1971 23.262.161.477 15.682.550.812 5.951.920.113 1.465.324.141 162.366.412 0,14% 6,16
1970 23.228.506.264 15.750.720.652 5.879.790.596 1.444.659.568 153.335.449 – 6,28

Frequently Asked Questions

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gaseous compounds in Earth's atmosphere that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, trapping heat and warming the planet. The major GHGs are carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases (F-gases including HFCs, PFCs, SF₆, and NF₃).

Emissions are measured in CO₂ equivalents (CO₂eq), which converts the warming impact of each gas into the equivalent amount of CO₂ using Global Warming Potentials (GWPs). This allows comparison across different gases on a common scale.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is by far the largest contributor, accounting for 74% of total GHG emissions. Methane (CH₄) follows at 18%, nitrous oxide (N₂O) at 5%, and fluorinated gases at 3%.

No. International aviation and international shipping emissions are tracked separately because they cannot be reliably attributed to individual countries.


Explore GHG Data

By Country

Compare GHG emissions across all countries

By Year

Historical trends from 1970 to today

Per Capita

Emissions per person by country

CO₂ Emissions

Fossil CO₂ by country, year, and sector

Sources

  • Crippa M., Guizzardi D., Pagani F., Banja M., Muntean M., et al., GHG emissions of all world countries – JRC/IEA 2025 Report, European Commission, 2025. DOI. Data: EDGAR_2025_GHG.
  • CO2 emissions from fuel combustion based on IEA (2024) Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy, as modified by the Joint Research Centre (IEA-EDGAR CO2, v4).