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Australia Demographics

Population of Australia (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Australia

Australia Population
27,227,096
see live
Yearly Change
+0.94%
Global Share
0.33%
Global Rank
55

Median Age

The median age in Australia is 38.5 years (2026).

Fertility in Australia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.6
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Australia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
84.3
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
86.1
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
82.6
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Australia


Infant Mortality
2.5
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
3.0
(per 1,000 live births)


Australia Urban Population

Currently, 86.7% of the population of Australia is urban (23,618,123 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Australia is 4 people per Km2 (9 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 7,682,300 Km2 (2,966,151 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Australia

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Sydney 4,150,917
2 Melbourne 3,639,893
3 Perth 1,079,374
4 Brisbane 1,071,628
5 Adelaide 879,249
6 Point Cook 404,501
7 Gold Coast 298,750
8 Newcastle 182,884
9 Dallas 121,680
10 Wollongong 106,007
11 North Lakes 101,615
12 Hackham West 99,819
13 Campbelltown 98,373
14 Sunshine Coast 89,177
15 Butler 88,267
16 Toowoomba 87,953
17 Cambridge Park 87,052
18 Langwarrin 86,247
19 Redcliffe 83,110
20 Thuringowa Central 81,863
21 Rockingham 80,247
22 Geelong 79,889
23 Wanneroo 77,321
24 Lindum 74,315
25 Melton 67,293
26 The Peninsula 61,157
27 Hobart 60,001
28 Pakenham 56,027
29 Elizabeth North 55,260
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.