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Nepal Demographics

Population of Nepal (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Nepal

Nepal Population
29,629,410
see live
Yearly Change
+0.04%
Global Share
0.36%
Global Rank
52

Median Age

The median age in Nepal is 25.7 years (2026).

Fertility in Nepal

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.9
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Nepal

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
71.2
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
72.7
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
69.6
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Nepal


Infant Mortality
18.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
22.3
(per 1,000 live births)


Nepal Urban Population

Currently, 25.3% of the population of Nepal is urban (7,486,768 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Nepal is 207 people per Km2 (535 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 143,350 Km2 (55,348 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Nepal

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Kathmandu 3,231,516
2 Biratnagar 398,453
3 Pokhara 297,320
4 Pokhariya 242,966
5 Bharatpur 161,441
6 Sitāpur 155,726
7 Laksmipur 136,748
8 Biratnagar 122,466
9 Nepalgunj 119,892
10 Banjariya 118,088
11 Tulsipur 106,020
12 Baidehi 103,971
13 Birendranagar 72,681
14 Jogīkuti 72,615
15 Hetauda 70,754
16 Birtamod 57,510
17 Farena1 54,715
18 Kohalpur 52,960
19 Kalaiya 52,329
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.