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Sudan Demographics

Population of Sudan (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Sudan

Sudan Population
53,282,719
see live
Yearly Change
+3.14%
Global Share
0.64%
Global Rank
29

Median Age

The median age in Sudan is 18.8 years (2026).

Fertility in Sudan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
4.1
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Sudan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
66.9
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
70.2
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
63.8
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Sudan


Infant Mortality
36.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
51.0
(per 1,000 live births)


Sudan Urban Population

Currently, 35.4% of the population of Sudan is urban (18,873,944 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Sudan is 30 people per Km2 (78 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 1,765,048 Km2 (681,489 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Sudan

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Al-Kharṭūm (Khartoum) 6,809,355
2 Nyala 950,803
3 Kebkabiya 694,415
4 Al-Ubayyid 659,964
5 Al-Fashir 633,077
6 Ad Da'ein 581,730
7 Buram 537,169
8 Port Sudan 517,023
9 Timerein 486,586
10 Kosti 431,504
11 Wad Madanī 403,988
12 Kassala 390,525
13 Kas 381,286
14 Al-Qadarif 317,258
15 Saraf `Umrah 278,467
16 Rabak 253,166
17 Shendi 252,344
18 Derudeib 238,164
19 El Geneina 233,696
20 Atbara 232,808
21 Ad-Damazin 217,071
22 En Nahud 211,073
23 Mellit 207,693
24 Al Managil 201,443
25 Ed Al Fursan 188,089
26 Umm Ruwaba 184,761
27 Sinkāt 180,082
28 Adiela 175,365
29 Umm Danga 172,622
30 Hayya 163,304
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.