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Taiwan Demographics

Population of Taiwan (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Taiwan

Taiwan Population
23,011,292
see live
Yearly Change
−0.44%
Global Share
0.28%
Global Rank
61

Median Age

The median age in Taiwan is 45.4 years (2026).

Fertility in Taiwan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
0.9
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Taiwan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
81.1
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
84.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
78.3
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Taiwan


Infant Mortality
2.9
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
4.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Taiwan Urban Population

Currently, 84.9% of the population of Taiwan is urban (19,529,266 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Taiwan is 650 people per Km2 (1,683 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 35,410 Km2 (13,672 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Taiwan

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Taipei 9,136,792
2 Taichung 2,268,685
3 Kaohsiung 2,187,455
4 Tainan 979,987
5 Hsinchu 695,677
6 Zhanghua City 461,552
7 Chiayi 436,393
8 Yuanlin City 310,380
9 Dazhuang 240,428
10 Pingtung City 175,377
11 Nantou City 169,304
12 Toufen 160,940
13 Gonghuakeng 160,617
14 Hualien 143,785
15 Ô-á-liâu / Kezihliao 118,947
16 Luodong 82,099
17 Yilan City 80,050
18 Miaoli 78,274
19 Taitung 64,383
20 Xinying District 56,119
21 Waishuiwei 53,695
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.