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Cuba Demographics

Population of Cuba (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Cuba

Cuba Population
10,892,659
see live
Yearly Change
−0.41%
Global Share
0.13%
Global Rank
90

Median Age

The median age in Cuba is 42.5 years (2026).

Fertility in Cuba

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.5
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Cuba

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
78.6
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
81.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
76.3
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Cuba


Infant Mortality
4.3
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
5.4
(per 1,000 live births)


Cuba Urban Population

Currently, 82.4% of the population of Cuba is urban (8,975,876 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Cuba is 102 people per Km2 (265 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 106,440 Km2 (41,097 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Cuba

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 La Habana (Havana) 1,593,580
2 Santiago de Cuba 429,537
3 Holguín 312,173
4 Camagüey 278,716
5 Santa Clara 213,948
6 Bayamo 201,207
7 Guantanamo 198,411
8 Las Tunas 187,705
9 Pinar del Rio 151,868
10 Matanzas 142,097
11 Cienfuegos 125,459
12 Managua 115,632
13 Ciego de Ávila 113,256
14 Manzanillo 109,933
15 Sancti Spiritus 106,466
16 Palma Soriano 104,686
17 Cotorro 96,445
18 Contramaestre 70,739
19 Baracoa 67,068
20 Moa 61,732
21 Banes 57,171
22 Trinidad 54,488
23 Varadero 54,323
24 Artemisa 54,048
25 Nuevitas 53,130
26 Las Guásimas 53,081
27 Puerto Padre 51,435
28 La Maya 50,068
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.