India Demographics

Population of India (2023)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of India

India Population
1,428,627,663
Yearly Change
+ 0.81%
Global Share
17.76%
Global Rank

Median Age

The median age in India is 28.2 years (2023).

Fertility in India

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline

pregnant_woman Total Fertiliy Rate (TFR)
2.0
(Live Births per Woman, 2023)

Life Expectancy in India

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
72.0 years
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
73.6 years
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
70.5 years
(life expectancy at birth, males)

Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in India

Infant Mortality
24.5
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
30.5
(per 1,000 live births)

India Urban Population

Currently, 36.3 % of the population of India is urban (518,239,122 people in 2023)

Population Density

The 2023 population density in India is 481 people per Km2 (1,244 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 2,973,190 Km2 (1,147,955 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in India

# CITY NAME POPULATION
1 Mumbai 12,691,836
2 Delhi 10,927,986
3 Bengaluru 5,104,047
4 Kolkata 4,631,392
5 Chennai 4,328,063
6 Ahmedabad 3,719,710
7 Hyderabad 3,597,816
8 Pune 2,935,744
9 Surat 2,894,504
10 Kanpur 2,823,249
11 Jaipur 2,711,758
12 Navi Mumbai 2,600,000
13 Lucknow 2,472,011
14 Nagpur 2,228,018
15 Indore 1,837,041
16 Patna 1,599,920
17 Bhopal 1,599,914
18 Ludhiana 1,545,368
19 Tirunelveli 1,435,844
20 Agra 1,430,055
21 Vadodara 1,409,476
22 Gorakhpur 1,324,570
23 Nashik 1,289,497
24 Pimpri 1,284,606
25 Kalyan 1,262,255
26 Thane 1,261,517
27 Meerut 1,223,184
28 Nowrangapur 1,220,946
29 Faridabad 1,220,229
30 Ghaziabad 1,199,191

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigera Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

 

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio
Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio
Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio
Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.
Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.