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Peru Demographics

Population of Peru (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Peru

Peru Population
34,922,148
see live
Yearly Change
+1%
Global Share
0.42%
Global Rank
48

Median Age

The median age in Peru is 30.6 years (2026).

Fertility in Peru

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.9
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Peru

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
78.3
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
80.6
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
76.0
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Peru


Infant Mortality
9.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
12.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Peru Urban Population

Currently, 80.9% of the population of Peru is urban (28,236,966 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Peru is 27 people per Km2 (71 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 1,280,000 Km2 (494,211 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Peru

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Lima 10,580,241
2 Arequipa 977,496
3 Trujillo 949,018
4 Chiclayo 620,622
5 Caleta Sanitaria 572,154
6 Cusco 490,968
7 Piura 471,521
8 Huancayo 470,685
9 Chimbote 350,281
10 Tacna 327,582
11 Juliaca 306,990
12 Pucallpa 274,639
13 Cajamarca 258,440
14 Ica 213,644
15 Ayacucho 210,592
16 Sullana 201,523
17 Chincha Alta 197,033
18 Huánuco 195,273
19 Tarapoto 158,938
20 Puno 132,897
21 Huacho 127,203
22 Huaraz 117,015
23 Tumbes 106,647
24 Bajo Pichanaqui 98,341
25 Paita 93,918
26 Talara 82,354
27 Puerto Maldonado 79,726
28 Moyobamba 78,217
29 Huaral 73,072
30 Parcona 71,535
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.