Population CO2 emissions Coronavirus Countries Energy Flags Food & Agriculture GDP by country Time Unit Converters Water World Map

Flag of Somalia
Somalia Demographics

Population of Somalia (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Somalia

Somalia Population
20,305,907
see live
Yearly Change
+3.31%
Global Share
0.24%
Global Rank
66

Median Age

The median age in Somalia is 15.6 years (2026).

Fertility in Somalia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
5.8
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Somalia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
59.3
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
61.9
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
56.8
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Somalia


Infant Mortality
64.3
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
100.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Somalia Urban Population

Currently, 47.1% of the population of Somalia is urban (9,554,546 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Somalia is 32 people per Km2 (84 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 627,340 Km2 (242,217 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Somalia

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Muqdisho (Mogadishu) 4,399,430
2 Hargeisa 1,593,542
3 Kismayo 461,302
4 Burao 427,013
5 Baidoa 420,281
6 Borama 363,753
7 Wanlaweyn 314,824
8 Merca 299,906
9 Beledweyne 291,630
10 Jowhar 257,210
11 Bosaso 232,410
12 Balcad 186,328
13 Galkayo 179,699
14 Berbera 167,119
15 Bardera 144,717
16 Buulo Mareer 141,522
17 Qoryooley 134,109
18 El Afweyn 128,709
19 Buurhakaba 126,897
20 Erigavo 116,325
21 Wajid 115,035
22 Barawa 111,063
23 Las Anod 110,330
24 Guriel 109,372
25 Jilib 109,094
26 Jamame 103,725
27 Qardho 99,225
28 Garoowe 94,975
29 Shalaambood 87,475
30 Hudur 87,245
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.