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Brazil Demographics

Population of Brazil (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Brazil

Brazil Population
213,562,666
see live
Yearly Change
+0.35%
Global Share
2.57%
Global Rank
7

Median Age

The median age in Brazil is 35.3 years (2026).

Fertility in Brazil

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.6
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Brazil

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
76.4
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
79.5
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
73.3
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Brazil


Infant Mortality
11.2
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
12.9
(per 1,000 live births)


Brazil Urban Population

Currently, 91.7% of the population of Brazil is urban (195,932,542 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Brazil is 26 people per Km2 (66 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 8,358,140 Km2 (3,227,095 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Brazil

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 São Paulo 18,949,790
2 Rio de Janeiro 9,500,336
3 Belo Horizonte 4,162,814
4 Recife 3,691,196
5 Fortaleza 3,244,260
6 Salvador 3,135,157
7 Curitiba 2,475,352
8 Goiânia 2,320,596
9 Manaus 2,277,352
10 Belém 2,180,454
11 Porto Alegre 1,755,917
12 Sao Goncalo 1,679,246
13 Campinas 1,631,432
14 Brasília 1,521,148
15 São Luís 1,264,379
16 Vitória 1,226,500
17 Natal 1,089,473
18 João Pessoa 1,064,481
19 Santos 1,027,752
20 Maceió 1,023,645
21 Teresina 929,795
22 Aracaju 859,845
23 Campo Grande 833,403
24 Cuiabá 798,772
25 Sorocaba 689,775
26 Florianópolis 682,065
27 Ribeirao Preto 615,090
28 Uberlândia 613,434
29 Londrina 598,731
30 Valparaíso de Goiás 570,302
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.