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Russia Demographics

Population of Russia (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Russia

Russia Population
143,394,458
see live
Yearly Change
−0.42%
Global Share
1.73%
Global Rank
9

Median Age

The median age in Russia is 40.7 years (2026).

Fertility in Russia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.5
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Russia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
73.7
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
79.5
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
67.9
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Russia


Infant Mortality
3.9
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
4.9
(per 1,000 live births)


Russia Urban Population

Currently, 75.4% of the population of Russia is urban (108,135,895 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Russia is 9 people per Km2 (23 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 16,376,870 Km2 (6,323,142 sq. miles).

Largest cities by Population in Russia

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

Rank Urban Area Population Estimate (2025)
1 Moskva (Moscow) 14,524,753
2 Saint Petersburg 4,736,499
3 Novosibirsk 1,331,432
4 Nizhny Novgorod 1,196,944
5 Yekaterinburg 1,148,237
6 Kazan 1,132,941
7 Rostov-on-Don 1,065,880
8 Omsk 975,485
9 Samara 955,599
10 Ufa 880,583
11 Voronezh 879,892
12 Chelyabinsk 794,411
13 Krasnodar 783,125
14 Saratov 771,355
15 Makhachkala 717,618
16 Volgograd 655,020
17 Tyumen 602,535
18 Izhevsk 586,811
19 Krasnoyarsk 569,604
20 Yaroslavl 553,086
21 Khabarovsk 543,422
22 Astrakhan 524,085
23 Barnaul 502,491
24 Naberezhnye Chelny 498,625
25 Tomsk 477,632
26 Kemerovo 470,175
27 Ryazan 466,086
28 Cheboksary 456,304
29 Vladivostok 455,141
30 Penza 449,851
More info

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.